The purpose of this lab is to use my knowledge from our lectures and tutorials to choose the appropriate vector geoprocessing tools with in ArcMap to extract specific information. The second portion of the lab, I will use basic python script to run geoprocessing tools to extract specific information.
The first part of this lab will have me locating suitable habitats for black bears in the given study area with in Marquette, Michigan. The second part of this lab will have me locating the best locations for lake resorts withing the state of Wisconsin. The second part will also have me creating a map of air pollution along the interstates of Wisconsin.
Methods
Part 1:
The first and second section of this lab required me to relate locations of black bears to the specific habitat/landcover (Minor Type field) they were found in. I was given an XY table in the data that contained the coordinates of bear locations with in a specific study area in Marquette, Michigan. I created a feature class from the XY table. I selected the projection and coordinate system that matched the other shapefiles I was given in the dataset. I then added all the feature classes I was given in the feature dataset. Then I used Select By Location to find which specific habitat/landcover (Minor Type field) the bears were located in. From this selection I created a new feature layer that contained the bear ID number and the specific habitat information. I then used the Summarize tool within the attribute table to determine how many bears were located with in each habitat section.
The third part of this section required me to determine how many bears were found within 500 meters of a stream when their GPS location was collected. My first step was to create a 500 meter buffer around the given stream data. I used the Buffer tool and the built in Dissovle tool to create by buffer area. I then used Intersect with the buffer area I just created and the feature class of the bear locations to determine how many bears were within 500 meters of the given streams.
The forth section of this lab required me to determine suitable areas of bear habitat based on the findings of the first three sections. Based on the locations related to habitat/landcover I determined that of 91% of the bears were located in 3 specific types of habitat/landcover. I used Select by Attribute to single out these specific categories and created a layer from this selection. I also determined that 72% of the bears were within 500 meters of the stream. I deemed this distance from the streams as an important habitat characteristic and decided to use it for determining suitable habitat/landcover.
The fifth section required me to use the information I had already collected and use it to make a recommendation to the Michigan DNR for a bear management plan. I had to find suitable habitat that was located on their management land. I was given a feature class of the Michigan DNR management land in the data I was provided. The management area I was given was for the entire county of Marquette, Michigan. The study area was only a portion of the county. I used the Clip tool to remove the management land that did not fall within the study area. I then used the Dissolve tool to remove the internal boundaries of the management area file to speed up the processing time of future tools, as I was not concerned with the specific units with in the management land. I then used the Intersect tool to find the management areas that were within the suitable bear habitat that I had found from the fourth section.
The sixth section I had to eliminate the areas of the DNR management land that were within 5 kilometers of Urban or Built up land from my previous findings. I used Select by Attribute to select the the Urban or Built up land from the landcover shapefile. I then created a new layer from this selection. Then I used the Buffer tool and the built in Dissolve tool to create a 5 kilometer buffer around the Urban areas. In my final step I used the Erase tool to remove the management land that fell with in the 5 kilometer buffer of the Urban areas.
The seventh and final section of part 1 I had to create a map displaying my results. i added a locator map to display where the study area fell with in Marquette, County. I then added a legend, north arrow, neat line with a background, and a scale to the map. Per the assignment instructions I had to create a flow model of the methods that I used to create the map and include it on the layout with the final map. I used the Model Builder tool within ArcMap to create the model.
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| Part 1 Final Map w/model layout |
Part 2:
The second part of this lab has me creating a map of areas with high potential for the establishment of suitable resorts. The resort areas should be around a lake that has an area that is greater than 5 square miles and not more than 10 miles from the city.
Using the data I was given, I imported the cities, interstates, lakes and counties shapefiles. Using the Python window I created a script using the Buffer tool that would create a 10 mile buffer around the given cities from the data. I then created a script using the Select by Attribute tool to select the lakes that were greater than 5 square miles in area and create a new feature layer from this selection. I then created a script to exclude any lake that did not meet the predefined criteria. I used the Clip tool in the script to preform this operation.
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| Buffer Tool Script |
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| Select by Attribute Script |
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| Clip Script |
I then had to create a map to display my results. I added a neatline, background, north arrow, scale, and legend to the map. I then exported the map file to an Adobe Illustrator (AI) file to allow me to better label the lake names on the map. Using "AI" I labeled the lakes that met the defined criteria.
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| Lake Map |
The second section of part 2 I had to create a map modeling air pollution around Wisconsin Interstates. I was instructed to produce a map that showed the area within 6 miles of the interstates and break them in to 6 impact zones based on their distance from the interstate.
Using the Python window I created a script using the Multiple Ring Buffer tool to create a 6 ring buffer that had a distance of 1 mile between the rings based on the location of the interstates. I then had to create a map to display my results. Like my previous maps I added a legend, neatline, background, north arrow, and a scale to the finished map.
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| Multiple Ring Buffer Script |
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| Pollution Map |
Sources:
Part 1-- Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI)
Part 2-- Price, Maribeth. 2014. Mastering ArcGIS. 6th Edition data CD. McGraw Hill. Lake features are from Wilson, Cyril 2012, A comprehensive Lake features for Wisconsin, unpublished data.
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